Recently, we have been in a velocity crunch at work. Our velocity plummeted 50% in a single iteration. The result of this (relevant to this post) is that we missed our target for the iteration by a big margin. Luckily, we were able to mitigate the impact and the stakeholders did not notice a huge discrepancy. This experience, did, however, get me thinking about the best way to order work in an iteration to minimize the risk of missing deadlines, and to minimize the impact on stakeholders when you do.
Ordering tactics to mitigate the risk of not meeting an iteration deadline:
- Begin with the largest tickets
- Begin with user-visible tickets
- Begin with highest priority tickets
- Begin with tickets whose component is least familiar
One should begin with the largest tickets because they are the ones that generally have the most unknowns in them. The estimate is the roughest, so the time they will take to complete is most uncertain. They are also more difficult, and so carry more risk.
By starting with user-visible tickets, the likelihood of having to push a stakeholder's ticket at the end of the iteration decreases. It is much easier politically to push a ticket that the stakeholder will not see for an iteration or two (or ever if it is some kind of internal ticket).
Starting with higher priority tickets reduces the risk that a critical ticket will need to be pushed at the end of the iteration because they have all been completed. Stakeholders are much more understanding when pushing a ticket that can wait an iteration than when pushing a critical bug fix.
Finally, if a developer has little experience with a certain component or domain (or the team if nobody has experience), they should not attempt to complete a ticket in that domain at the end of the iteration. It will take them longer than a developer with experience to do the same work. Having the developer make the attempt at the beginning of the iteration ensures extra time if needed, and extra help which is usually unavailable in the final two day sprint.
Following these guidelines has helped us to all but eliminate the need to push important features from an iteration due to lack of time, a welcome political victory for any agile development team.
